Tardive Dyskinesia (TD) is a neurological disorder characterized by involuntary movements, typically affecting the face, tongue, and limbs. It is often associated with the long-term use of certain medications, particularly antipsychotics. In this article, we will explore the various types of Tardive Dyskinesia and their distinguishing features.

1. Orofacial Dyskinesia:

Orofacial dyskinesia is the most common type of TD and primarily affects the muscles of the face and mouth. Symptoms may include repetitive lip smacking, tongue protrusion, grimacing, and rapid eye blinking. These movements can be distressing and interfere with speech and eating.

2. Limb Dyskinesia:

Limb dyskinesia involves involuntary movements in the arms, legs, or both.

3. Truncal Dyskinesia:

Truncal dyskinesia affects the muscles of the trunk, resulting in involuntary movements of the torso. These movements can manifest as twisting or bending of the body, making it challenging to maintain an upright posture. Truncal dyskinesia can lead to discomfort and impaired mobility.

4. Respiratory Dyskinesia:

Respiratory dyskinesia is a less common type of TD that affects the muscles involved in breathing. It can cause irregular or spasmodic breathing patterns, leading to shortness of breath and respiratory distress.

Tardive Dyskinesia encompasses various types, each with its own set of symptoms and impact on daily life. Orofacial dyskinesia, limb dyskinesia, truncal dyskinesia, and respiratory dyskinesia are the main types observed in individuals with TD. It is important for healthcare professionals to accurately diagnose and differentiate between these types to provide appropriate treatment and support. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of TD, it is crucial to seek medical advice for proper evaluation and management.